La forma importa
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Abstract
A través de la historia, los maestros de la construcción han dado pasos significativos en el aprovechamiento de formas para definir espacios tridimensionales, para proporcionar refugio y protección o hacer puentes sobre vacíos, como los ocasionados por los cursos de agua y los caminos. En ausencia de métodos de predicción numérica, ellos debieron desarrollar prácticas de construcción por medio del ensayo y el error o teorías estructurales para establecer una forma estructural “suficientemente buena”. Actualmente, experimentamos un renacimiento de las formas libres como expresión arquitectónica; sin embargo, el desempeño estructural como principal impulsor del diseño es a menudo excluido del proceso inicial de diseño. La investigación del Form Finding Lab (Universidad de Princeton, EE.UU.) puede ubicarse en la tradición del modelado a base de fuerzas, indagando nuevas estrategias numéricas para generar formas estructurales únicas de vanguardia. Aquí se presentan tres estudios que muestran el desarrollo de esas técnicas, las que, cuando se emplean con procesos constructivos bien ejecutados, producen formas sorprendentes para puentes peatonales, cubiertas y barreras.
Abstract
Master builders throughout history have made significant strides in exploiting forms to enclose three-dimensional spaces, to provide shelter and protection or to bridge voids, such as water and roadways. In the absence of numerical prediction methods, they resorted to trial and error construction practices or structural theory to establish a good enough structural form. Today, we experience a renaissance of free forms as an architectural expression. Yet, structural performance as the main design driver is often excluded from the initial design process. The scholarship at the Form Finding Lab (Princeton University, USA) can be placed in a force-modelled tradition by pioneering novel numerical structural form generation approaches and unique structural performative forms. Three studies are presented that showcase the development of such techniques, which when craftfully manipulated, result in surprising shapes for structurally efficient footbridges, roofs and barriers.
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